Tangali, M. J. (2013). Serving His Creation: Understanding the connection between Creator and creation in the light of Sharīʿah (Doctoral dissertation, Pebble Hills University). Pebble Hills University Archive.
Holy Qur’ān
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Baqarah (2:34, 2:43, 2:152, 2:155, 2:177, 2:183–184, 2:187, 2:230, 2:255, 2:261, 2:269, 2:275, 2:285, 2:286).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah Āl ʿImrān (3:19, 3:28, 3:85, 3:91, 3:103, 3:132, 3:164).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Nisāʾ (4:4, 4:6–7, 4:11, 4:19, 4:59, 4:103, 4:136).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Māʾidah (5:3, 5:27, 5:38, 5:48, 5:90–91).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al A’rāf (7:146, 7:157, 7:179, 7:189).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Ḥijr (15:9).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Naḥl (16:44, 16:58–59, 16:78, 16:90, 16:97).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Isrāʾ (17:9, 17:34, 17:36, 17:79, 17:82, 17:105).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Anbiyāʾ (21:69, 21:79, 21:107).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al ʿAnkabūt (29:43).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Aḥzāb (33:34, 33:40, 33:59).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah Muḥammad (47:33).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Ḥujurāt (49:10, 49:12, 49:13).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah Adh Dhāriyāt (51:56).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Nūr (24:2, 24:4, 24:31, 24:56).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Jāthiyah (45:18).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al Mudaththir (74:1–2).
- Al Qur’ān. (n.d.). Surah al ʿAlaq (96:1–5).
- Al Qurʾān. (n.d.). Surah al Raḥmān (55:5)
- Al Qurʾān. (n.d.). Surah Yāsīn (36:40)
- Al Qurʾān. (n.d.). Surah Ibrāhīm (14:33)
Classical Tafsīr and Studies
- ʿAbd al Ḥaqq Dihlawī. (n.d.). Ashiʿah al Lamāʿāt (Vol. 1, p. 112).
- Abū Ḥanīfah, N. (n.d.). Fiqh al Akbar (p. 33).
- Abū Dāwūd, S. (n.d.). Sunan Abī Dāwūd (Vol. 2, p. 255 [on divorce being disliked]; Vol. 3, p. 45; Vol. 4, pp. 112, 178).
- Ahmad, I. (2006). Friendship and Social Bonds in Islam. Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, 23(2), 45–67.
- Ahmad ibn Ḥanbal. (n.d.). Musnad Aḥmad (Vol. 5, p. 321; Vol. 6, p. 112).
- Ahmad Raza Khan Qadri, I. (n.d.). Fatāwā e Razvia (Vol. 4, p. 54; new ed. Vol. 9, p. 286). Bareilly Sharif.
- Ahmad Riḍā Khan al Barelwī. (1219 AH). Al Rawḍ al Baḥīj fī Ādāb al Takhreej.
- Ahmad Riḍā Khan al Barelwī. (1313 AH). Ḥājiz al Baḥrayn al Wāqiʿ ʿan Jamʿ al Ṣalātayn.
- Ahmad Riḍā Khan al Barelwī. (1313 AH). Al Faḍl al Mawhab fī Maʿnā Idhā Ṣaḥḥa al Ḥadīthu fa Huwa Madhhabī.
- Algar, H. (1980). Islam and Revolution: Writings of Imam Khomeini (pp. 12–15). Berkeley: Mizan Press.
- Al Bayhaqī, A. (n.d.). Sunan al Kubrá; (Vol. 5, p. 112).
- Al Bukhārī, M. I. (n.d.). Ṣaḥīḥ al Bukhārī (Kitāb al Īmān, Part 1, p. 12; Vol. 1, pp. 45, 255; Vol. 2, pp. 112, 134 [on obligation of Zakāt]; Vol. 3, pp. 112–115, 245–250; Vol. 4, p. 112; Vol. 5, p. 112; Vol. 7, pp. 215–230; Vol. 8, pp. 2, 12, 25, 45; Vol. 9, p. 45).
- Al Dārimī, A. (n.d.). Sunan al Dārimī.
- Al Dāraquṭnī, A. (n.d.). Sunan al Dāraquṭnī.
- Al Dhahabī, S. (n.d.). Talkhīṣ al Mustadrak.
- Al Faruqi, I. R. (1983). Islam and Ecology (p. 88). Kuala Lumpur: IIIT.
- Al Ghazālī, M. (n.d.). Al Mustasfā min ʿIlm al Uṣūl. Cairo: Dār al Ḥadīth.
- Al Ghazālī, M. (n.d.). Iḥyāʾ ʿUloom al Dīn (Vol. 2, p. 145; Vol. 4, p. 112). Cairo: Dār al Ḥadīth.
- Al Ḥākim, M. (n.d.). Al Mustadrak ʿalā al Ṣaḥīḥayn.
- Al Jalālayn. (n.d.). Tafsīr al Jalālayn (Vol. 1, pp. 32, 212 [on 2:233]; Vol. 2, p. 145, pp. 145–147 [consumption, balance, fiṭrah, ethics]).
- Al Jalālayn, J., & Maḥallī, M. (n.d.). Tafsīr al Jalālayn (Vol. 2, pp. 145–147).
- Al Juwaynī, A. (n.d.). Al Burhān fī Uṣūl al Fiqh. Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyyah.
- Al Mizzī, Y. (n.d.). Tuhfat al Ashrāf.
- Al Nawawī, Y. (n.d.). Sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim.
- Al Nasāʾī, A. (n.d.). Sunan al Nasāʾī.
- Al Qurṭubī. (n.d.). Al Jāmiʿ li Aḥkām al Qur’ān.
- Al Qurṭubī, M. A. (n.d.). Tafsīr al Qurṭubī (Vol. 12, pp. 145–147).
- Al Qurṭubī, M. (n.d.). Al Tadhkira (Part on Tā’wiz).
- Al Sarakhsī, M. (n.d.). Al Mabsūṭ.
- Al Shāfiʿī, M. I. (n.d.). Al Risālah. Cairo: Al Maktaba al Azharīyah.
- Al Shāfiʿī, M. I. (n.d.). Al Umm.
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). Mirqāt al Saʿūd. Cairo: Al Maktaba al Azharīyah.
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). Al Itqān fī ʿUloom al Qur’ān. Cairo: Al Maktaba al Azharīyah.
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). Al Khaṣāʾiṣ al Kubrá. Cairo: Al Maktaba al Azharīyah.
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). al Maqām al Sundusiyya (Vol. 2, p. 145).
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). Jinnāt wa Shayāṭīn (p. 88). Cairo: al Maktaba al Azharīyah.
- Al Ṭabarānī, S. (n.d.). Al Muʿjam al Awsat; Al Maʿājim; Al Muʿjam al Kabīr (Vol. 3, p. 212 [on Fāṭimah bint Asad]; Vol. 7, p. 45; Vol. 7, p. 212).
- Al Ṭabarī, M. (n.d.). Jāmiʿ al Bayān ʿan Taʾwīl Āy al Qur’ān. Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyyah.
- Al Ṭabarī, M. (n.d.). Tārīkh al Ṭabarī (Vol. 3, pp. 45–47 [Battle of Uhud]; Vol. 3, pp. 60–65 [Hijrah and settlement in Medina]; Vol. 3, pp. 90–95).
- Al Tirmidhī, M. I. (n.d.). Sunan al Tirmidhī (Vol. 4, p. 178).
- Al Zamakhsharī, M. (n.d.). Al Kashshāf. Beirut: Dār al Maʿrifah.
- Adamson, P. (2007). Al Kindi (pp. 33–35). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. (n.d.). Musnad Aḥmad (Vol. 1, p. 131; Vol. 5, pp. 321–322; Vol. 6, p. 112).
- Ahmad, M. (1978). Revival of Islam (pp. 33–34). Karachi University Press.
- Ahmad, M. (1982). Siraj um Muneer (pp. 112–115, 212–215). Lahore: Islamic Publications.
- Ahmad, M. J. Tangali. (2005). A Brief Introduction of Sheikh Shah Ahmad Noorani Siddiqui (pp. 12–35, 60–72). Bareilly Sharif.
- Ahmad, M. J. Tangali. (2005). The Glorious Shaykh: Hazrat Allama Mufti Akhtar Raza Khan al Azhari (pp. 15–33). Bareilly Sharif.
- Ahmad, M. J. Tangali. (2005). Hazrat Muhammad Umar Icharvi (pp. 33–35). Bareilly Sharif.
- Ahmad Raza Khan Qadri, I. (n.d.). Fatāwā e Razvia (Vol. 4, p. 54; new ed. Vol. 9, p. 286). Bareilly Sharif.
- Ahmad Riḍā Khan al Barelwī. (1219 AH). Al Rawḍ al Baḥīj fī Ādāb al Takhreej.
- Ahmad Riḍā Khan al Barelwī. (1313 AH). Ḥājiz al Baḥrayn al Wāqiʿ ʿan Jamʿ al Ṣalātayn.
- Ahmad Riḍā Khan al Barelwī. (1313 AH). Al Faḍl al Mawhab fī Maʿnā Idhā Ṣaḥḥa al Ḥadīthu fa Huwa Madhhabī.
- Al Azhar University. (2005). Award Records: Fakhr e Azhar (pp. 12–14). Cairo.
- Al Baghawī, H. (n.d.). Mishkāt al Maṣābīḥ (Vol. 1, p. 88).
- Al Balkhī. (2019). Sustenance of Body and Soul (Maṣāliḥ al Abdān wa al Anfus) (M. A. Khan, Trans.). International Institute of Islamic Thought.
- Al Bukhārī, M. I. (n.d.). Ṣaḥīḥ al Bukhārī (Vol. 3, p. 118; Vol. 4, pp. 112–115 [on patience, family conduct, and Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as shepherd and trader]; Vol. 4, p. 210; Vol. 7, p. 9 [on qualities in marriage]).
- Al Dhahabī, M. (n.d.). Siyar Aʿlām al Nubalāʾ (Vol. 6, pp. 390–395; Vol. 20, pp. 440–445; Vol. 22, pp. 323–325).
- Al Farābi. (1985). On the Perfect State (pp. 112–115). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Al Ghazālī. (2010). Iḥyāʾ ʿUloom al Dīn (Revival of the Religious Sciences) (Vol. 3). Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyyah.
- Al Jīlānī, ʿAbd al Qādir. (1992). Jalāʾ al Khawātir (Removal of Cares) (pp. 45–47). Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyyah.
- Annan, K. (2002). Lecture on Ibn Khaldun and Muslim Societies (p. 14). United Nations Publications.
- Arbitration Act 1996 (UK). (1996). London: HMSO.
- At Tirmidhī, M. I. (n.d.). Sunan al Tirmidhī (Vol. 4, pp. 112, 178; Vol. 5, p. 45).
- Afraz, Z. (1985). Islamic Perspectives on Astronomy (pp. 33–35). Lahore: Islamic Research Publications.
- Al Bayhaqī, A. (1990). Shuʿab al Īmān (Vol. 2, p. 253). Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyya.
- Al Bīrūnī. (1030). Kitāb al Qanoon al Masʿūdī (Vol. 2, pp. 88–90). Hyderabad: Osmania Oriental Publications.
- Al Bukhārī, M. I. (1981). Ṣaḥīḥ al Bukhārī, Kitāb al Ṭibb (Vol. 7, Hadith 5678, pp. 45–47). Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyya.
- Al Ghazālī. (1986). Miʿyār al ʿIlm (Vol. 1, pp. 45–47). Cairo: Al Azhar Press.
- Al Ghazālī. (2000). The Incoherence of the Philosophers (Tahāfut al Falāsifah) (M. E. Marmura, Trans., pp. 12–35). Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press.
- Al Nawawī, Y. (n.d.). Sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (Vol. 4, pp. 45–47). Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyyah.
- Al Nawawī, Y. (n.d.). Riyāḍ al Ṣāliḥīn. Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyyah.
- Al Qushayrī, A. (n.d.). Risālah al Qushayriyyah (Vol. 1, pp. 45–47).
- Al Suhrawardī, ʿUmar. (n.d.). Sirāj al ʿAwārif (Vol. 2, pp. 33–35).
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). al Ḥāwī lil Fatāwī (Vol. 2, pp. 112–115).
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). Tabyīd al Ṣaḥīfa (Vol. 1, pp. 33–35).
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). Qalāʾid al Jawāhir (Vol. 1, pp. 55–57).
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). Tārīkh al Khulafāʾ (Vol. 1, pp. 3–5).
- Al Suyūṭī, J. (n.d.). Tashyīd al Ḥaqīqah al ʿĀliyyah (Vol. 1, pp. 12–15).
- Al Ṭabarī, M. (1989). The History of al Ṭabarī: The Umayyad Caliphate (Vol. 24, pp. 45–52). Albany: State University of New York Press.
- Al Ṭabarī, M. J. (1987). Tārīkh al Rusul wa’l Mulūk (History of Prophets and Kings) (Vol. 1, pp. 45–52, 67–70; Vol. 2, pp. 112–118).
- Al Khwarizmi. (1986). al Kitāb al Mukhtaṣar fī ḥisāb al jabr wa’l muqābalah (Vol. 1, pp. 12–15). Cairo: Al Azhar Press.
- Aristotle. (1943). Generation of Animals (Book II, A. L. Peck, Trans.). Harvard University Press.
- Badr al Dīn Abdal. (n.d.). Risālah Mardiyyah fī al Nusrat Madhhab al Ashʿariyyah.
- Bhavishya Purana. (n.d.). Prati Sarg Parv III, verse five.
- Bowen, J. R. (2010). Can Islam be French? Pluralism and Pragmatism in a Secularist State. Princeton University Press.
- Bucaille, M. (1976). The Qur’an and Modern Science (pp. 45–52). Paris: Seghers.
- Constable, O. R. (1994). Trade and Traders in Muslim Spain: The Commercial Realignment of the Iberian Peninsula, 900–1500 (p. 178). Cambridge University Press.
- Baghdādī, Z. A. (n.d.). Commentary on Miqyās e Wahhābiyyah (Manuscript, pp. 12–15).
- Begum Naz. (1970). Khwaja Moīnuddin Chishti (pp. 15–23). Lahore: Sh. Muhammad Ashraf.
- Blair, S., & Bloom, J. (2003). Islamic Arts (pp. 212–215, 145–147). London: Phaidon.
- Blair, S., & Bloom, J. (2003). Islamic Calligraphy (pp. 45–47). London: British Museum Press.
- Bucaille, M. (1976). The Qur’an and Modern Science (pp. 45–52). Paris: Seghers.
- Carroll, A. B. (1999). Corporate Social Responsibility: Evolution of Definitional Construct. Business & Society, 38(3), 268–295.
- CD Medical Encyclopedia. (2005). London: Medical Reference Press.
- Constable, O. R. (1994). Trade and Traders in Muslim Spain: The Commercial Realignment of the Iberian Peninsula, 900–1500 (p. 178). Cambridge University Press.
- Charles, Prince of Wales. (1993). Islam and the West Lecture (pp. 12–14, 18–20). Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies.
- Copernicus, N. (1543). De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (Book I, pp. 22–23). Nuremberg: Johannes Petreius.
- Dahl, R. A. (1989). Democracy and Its Critics. Yale University Press.
- Dekker, G. (1995). Religie in de moderne samenleving (p. 49). Kampen: Kok.
- Durkheim, É. (1912/1995). The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. New York: Free Press.
- Durkheim, É. (1997). The Division of Labour in Society (W. D. Halls, Trans.). New York.
- Elliot, H. M., & Dowson, J. (1867). The History of India as Told by Its Own Historians (Vol. 2, pp. 215–218).
- Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam and Politics (4th ed., pp. 45–52). Syracuse University Press.
- European Union. (n.d.). Institutions and Bodies of the EU. Retrieved from https://europa.eu
- Free Press. (Original work published 1893).
- Fakhry, M. (2004). A History of Islamic Philosophy (pp. 45–47, 112–115, 145–152). New York: Columbia University Press.
- Fakhry, M. (2004). A History of Geography and Philosophy (pp. 12–14). New York: Columbia University Press.
- Gandhi, M. (1924). Young India (p. 357).
- Gandhi, S. (2004, January 27). Speech at the National Seminar on “Islamic Contribution
- Gooren, H. (2003). Religious Transnationalism: The Case of the Surinamese Muslims in the Netherlands. Journal of Religion in Europe, 2(1), 45–67.
- Groen van Prinsterer, G. (1862). Ongeloof en Revolutie (pp. 112–118). Utrecht: Kemink.
- Gutas, D. (1998). Greek Thought, Arabic Culture (pp. 55–57). London: Routledge.
- Gutas, D. (2001). Greek Thought, Arabic Culture: The Graeco-Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early ʿAbbāsid Society. Routledge.
- Grabar, O. (1987). The Formation of Islamic Art (pp. 88–90). New Haven: Yale University Press.
- Haddad, G. F. (2007). Jalaluddin al Suyuti (pp. 12–20). Damascus: Sunnah Publishers.
- Hart, M. H. (1978). The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History (pp. 3–7). New York: Hart Publishing.
- Hattstein, M. (2000). Islam: Art and Architecture (pp. 22–30, 112–115). Cologne: Könemann.
- Hijaz College Islamic University. (1985). Collected Lectures of Abdul Wahhab Siddiqi (Vol. 2, pp. 45–47). UK: Hijaz College Press.
- Hijaz College Islamic University. (2001). Biography of Allama Muhammad Abdul Wahab Siddiqi (pp. 12–72). UK: Hijaz College Press.
- Hodgson, M. G. S. (1974). The Venture of Islam, Vol. 2: The Expansion of Islam in the Middle Periods (pp. 112–115). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Hallaq, W. B. (2009). An Introduction to Islamic Law (pp. 45, 92, 145). Cambridge University Press.
- Hujwīrī, A. H. (n.d.). Kashf al Maḥjūb (p. 106).
- Ibn ʿAbbās. (n.d.). Tafsīr Ibn ʿAbbās (Vol. 3, p. 212).
- Ibn Abī al Dunyā. (n.d.). Dhamm al Khamr (Vol. 1, p. 88).
- Ibn Ḥajar al Makkī. (1995). Zawāhir (Vol. 2, pp. 88–90). Mecca: Dār al Kutub.
- Ibn Ḥajar al Makkī. (1998). al Ṣawāʿiq al Muḥarriqah (p. 91). Cairo: Al Azhar Press.
- Ibn Hishām, A. (n.d.). Sīrah Ibn Hishām (Vol. 1, pp. 201–205; Vol. 2, pp. 45–47).
- Ibn Kathīr, I. (1997). al Bidāyah wa’l Nihāyah (Vol. 6, pp. 302–307; Vol. 7, pp. 135–142, 150–155, 180–182, 200–202; Vol. 8, pp. 12–22). Riyadh: Dār al Salām.
- Ibn Kathīr, I. (n.d.). al Bidāyah wa’l Nihāyah (Vol. 2, pp. 265–267; Vol. 10, pp. 107–110; Vol. 12, pp. 233–235). Cairo: Dār al Ḥadīth.
- Ibn Khallikān, A. (n.d.). Wafayāt al Aʿyān wa Anbāʾ Abnāʾ al Zamān (Vol. 5, pp. 147–149).
- Ibn Rushd. (1996). Kitāb al Kulliyyāt fī al Ṭibb (Vol. 2, pp. 45–47). Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyya.
- Ibn Rushd. (2001). The Incoherence of the Incoherence (Tahāfut al Tahāfut) (S. Van den Bergh, Trans., Vol. 1, pp. 12–15). London: E.J.W. Gibb Memorial Trust.
- Ibn Ḥajar al ʿAsqalānī. (n.d.). Fatḥ al Bārī (Vol. 5, p. 212).
- Ibn Ḥibbān. (n.d.). Ṣaḥīḥ Ibn Ḥibbān (Vol. 3, p. 112).
- Ibn Hishām. (n.d.). Sīrah Ibn Hishām (Vol. 1, pp. 321–325, 331–340 [Arrival in Medina]; Vol. 2, pp. 315–320).
- Ibn Isḥāq. (1955). The Life of Muhammad: Translation of Sīrat Rasūl Allāh (A. Guillaume, Trans.). Oxford University Press.
- Ibn Kathīr, I. (n.d.). Al Bidāyah wa al Nihāyah (Vol. 3, pp. 112, 120; Vol. 4, p. 45). Cairo: Dār al Ḥadīth.
- Ibn Kathīr, I. (n.d.). Tafsīr al Qur’ān al ʿAẓīm. Cairo: Dār al Ḥadīth.
- Ibn Kathīr, I. (n.d.). Tafsīr Ibn Kathīr (Vol. 2, pp. 178, 315–317; Vol. 3, p. 212).
- Ibn Khuzaymah. (n.d.). Ṣaḥīḥ Ibn Khuzaymah (Vol. 2, p. 85).
- Ibn Mājah, M. Y. (n.d.). Sunan Ibn Mājah (Vol. 2, pp. 88, 112; Vol. 3, p. 45).
- Ibn Saʿd, M. (n.d.). Kitāb al Ṭabaqāt al Kabīr.
- Imran Raza Khan Samnani Mia. (2010). Personal communication (email).
- Ismāʿīl Ḥaqqī. (n.d.). Sirāj al Munīr Sharḥ Jāmiʿ al Ṣaghīr.
- Ibn al Farābī. (1985). On the Cause of Dreams. In Medieval Islamic Philosophical Writings (pp. 112–118). Cambridge University Press.
- Ibn ʿArabī. (2004). The Meccan Revelations (Vol. 2). Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society.
- Ibn Khaldūn. (1967). The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History. Princeton University Press.
- Ibn Kathīr, I. (n.d.). Tafsīr Ibn Kathīr (Vol. 2, pp. 315–317; Vol. 3, p. 212).
- Ibn Mājah, M. I. (n.d.). Sunan Ibn Mājah (Vol. 3, p. 597).
- Ibn Sīnā. (2005). Avicenna’s Psychology: The Floating Man (F. Rahman, Trans.). Oxford University Press.
- Izzi Deen, M. Y. (1990). Islamic Environmental Ethics, Law, and Society. Lecture (p. 12).
- Jameelah, M. (1989). Islam and Modernism. Lahore: Mohammad Yusuf Khan Publishers.
- Jackson, P. (1999). Delhi: A Historical Sketch (pp. 45–47). Cambridge University Press.
- Jones, O. (1856). The Grammar of Ornament (pp. 45–47). London: Day & Son.
- Kamali, M. H. (2003). Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence (pp. 212, 245). Islamic Texts Society.
- Khan, A. R. (n.d.). Fatāwā Razawiyya (Vol. 24, p. 312).
- Kennedy, H. (2004). The Early Abbasid Caliphate: A Political History (pp. 45–47). London: Routledge.
- Kennedy, H. (2004). The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates (pp. 132–135). Pearson Longman.
- Kennedy, H. (2004). The Golden Age of Arabic Science (pp. 145–150). London: Routledge.
- Khan, A. R. (1920). Fauz e Mubeen Dar Radd e Ḥarkat e Zamīn (pp. 79–82). Bareilly: Idāra Sunni Duniya.
- Kileci, M. R. (2015). Roumi Art Institute Lecture Notes (pp. 12–14). Istanbul: Roumi Art Institute.
- Koole, R. (1995). De opkomst van de moderne politieke partij in Nederland (pp. 67–89). Amsterdam University Press.
- Lapidus, I. M. (2014). A History of Islamic Societies (3rd ed., pp. 87–89, 88–90). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Lijphart, A. (1968). The Politics of Accommodation: Pluralism and Democracy in the Netherlands (pp. 15–37). University of California Press.
- McGuire, M. B. (2002). Religion: The Social Context (5th ed., p. 98). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
- Metcalf, B. D. (1982). Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband, 1860–1900. Princeton University Press.
- Muir, W. (1891). The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall (Vol. 1, pp. 45–52, 88–90, 95–97, 110–112, 120–122). London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- Müller, W. C., & Strøm, K. (2000). Coalition Governments in Western Europe. Oxford University Press.
- Muslim ibn al Ḥajjāj. (n.d.). Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (Vol. 1, p. 93; Vol. 2, p. 112; Vol. 2, pp. 145–147 [on punishment for neglecting Zakāt; on balance between worldly duties and worship]; Vol. 2, pp. 614–618; Vol. 3, pp. 1219, 1377–1385; Vol. 4, pp. 2102–2132; Vol. 4, p. 2102).
- Nadwī, S. (1950). Memoirs (Vol. 2, p. 45).
- Nasr, S. H. (1968). Science and Civilization in Islam (pp. 45–47, 112–115, 145–147, 145–152). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Nasr, S. H. (2007). Science and Civilization in Islam. Harvard University Press.
- NATO. (n.d.). Founding Treaty and Mission. Retrieved from https://nato.int
- O’Dea, T. F. (1966). The Sociology of Religion (pp. 45–47). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Pennings, P., & Keman, H. (2008). Doing Research in Political Science (pp. 54–60). Palgrave Macmillan.
- Ramadan, T. (2004). Western Muslims and the Future of Islam (pp. 45–47). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Razavi, S. R. A. (1980). Mufti e Azam Hind (pp. 22–57). Lucknow: Sunni Publications.
- Rizvi, S. A. A. (1978). A History of Sufism in India (Vol. 1, pp. 221–230; Vol. 2, pp. 310–315). New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
- Rizvi, S. A. A. (1990). Ahmad Riza Khan Barelwi: In the Path of the Prophet (pp. 145–147). New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
- Rizvi, S. A. A. (2003). Political Islam in Pakistan (pp. 112–115, 130–137). Karachi: Oxford University Press.
- Russell, B. (1946). History of Western Philosophy (pp. 55–57). London: Allen & Unwin.
- Rūmī, J. (n.d.). Masnavī (Book I, p. 45).
- Saliba, G. (1994). Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance (pp. 45–57, 55–57). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
- Sanyal, A. (1990). Ahmad Riza Khan Barelwi: In the Path of the Prophet (pp. 145–147
- Schimmel, A. (1975). Mystical Dimensions of Islam (pp. 389–391). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
- Shaw, B. (1936). The Genuine Islam (p. 8).
- Siddiqi, A. W. (1985). Lecture on Eid Milad un-Nabi (Vol. 1, pp. 12–14). Sheikhupura: Private Manuscript.
- Sunan Ibn Mājah. (1981). (Vol. 1, p. 11). Beirut: Dār al Kutub al ʿIlmiyya.
- Suyūṭī, J. (1995). Tārīkh al Khulafāʾ (p. 122). Cairo: Al Azhar Press.
- Ṭabarī, M. (1990). Tārīkh al Rusul wa’l Mulūk (Vol. 3, pp. 220–222; Vol. 5, pp. 210–217). Albany: State University of New York Press.
- Tangali, M. J. (1985). Biography of Ālāḥazrat (pp. 12–95, 112–120). Amsterdam. Stichting Noorani Islamic Research Institute.
- Tangali, M. J. (2005). Biography of Imam Mustafa Raza Khan (pp. 15–35, 90–95). Amsterdam. Stichting Noorani Islamic Research Institute.
- Tangali, M. J. (2005). Hazrat Khwaja Nizamuddin Awliyāʾ (pp. 12–35). Amsterdam. Stichting Noorani Islamic Research Institute.
- Tangali, M. J. (2005). Hazrat Muhammad Umar Icharvi (pp. 22–35). Amsterdam. Stichting Noorani Islamic Research Institute.
- Tangali, M. J. (2005). Ālāḥazrat and the Sciences (pp. 72–74). Amsterdam. Stichting Noorani Islamic Research Institute.
- Tangali, M. J. (2007). Ethics and Philosophy of the Imam Course (pp. 40–42, 55–63, 65–67, 72–74). Amsterdam. Stichting Noorani Islamic Research Institute.
- Tangali. M.J. (2007). Ethics and Philosophy of the Imam Course (pp. 22–25, 33–35). Amsterdam. Stichting Noorani Islamic Research Institute.
- Thorbecke, J. R. (1848). Grondwet voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden. Staatsdrukkerij, The Hague.
- Washington State University. (2002). Leo Africanus: Description of Timbuktu (pp. 12–14). Pullman, WA: WSU Press.
- Weekly Ufaq. (1980, February 6). Karachi (p. 30).
- Yahya, H. (2003). The Golden Age (pp. 77–80). Istanbul: Global Publishing.
- Zaimeche, S. (2002). Muslim Heritage in Astronomy (pp. 12–17). Manchester: Foundation for Science, Technology and Civilization.

Geef een reactie